/ ?/ r6 Z. o; L( Q) D" \$ f在中国,“党”和“国”经常重叠,譬如胡锦涛,他和其前任江泽民一样,拥有中共总书记、国家主席、中央军委主席多重头衔。" U" J" X1 v$ |! H* ?
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这种职能交错令外界难以确定中国的政策究竟是由谁来制定。尤其是早已远离马克思主义的中共,仍然保留了很多当初以地下组织起家的“秘密习惯”。例如中国近期任命外交部党委书记一事,引发人们对究竟是外交部长还是外交部党委书记在掌管外交部的争论。5 i# e7 s- x9 C2 E" I) C
4 i: A! ]' n$ a. D8 Q- V; H6 l3 VHu's visit spotlights China's two faces 2 A/ R2 \& [& |2 ~+ D: {. O7 G' B! Q& {5 \( ]
Washington Post Foreign Service& f( Y+ `9 o+ v) T1 p! q
Sunday, January 16, 2011 2 D( I% a! e4 i: w. L! F ' |/ {3 D7 g$ Y8 E9 }* DHONG KONG - When Hu Jintao visits the United States on Tuesday, he'll have a regal entourage of aides, bodyguards and limousines. But the Chinese leader will leave behind in Beijing the most potent totem of his power: the title of general secretary of the Chinese Communist Party.- g k* |/ u! Y: Q
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He's not giving up his day job as head of the world's largest political organization, but during his four-day U.S. trip, he'll assume an alternative identity. He'll be greeted at the White House and a Chicago auto-parts factory as Mr. President, a made-for-export alias used mostly for encounters with foreigners. & Y5 b0 C8 g) G+ \6 D1 U( y1 o6 \; t' V- x3 u4 v+ c4 |# r
The morphing of roles flows from the protocol of his mission. Hu travels to the United States to represent China as a nation, not just its ruling party. But the shift obscures the true nature, and also curious limitations, of Hu's authority - his stewardship of a sprawling party apparatus that stands above all formal institutions of government but is no longer a rigid monolith obedient to a single leader. It also helps explain why Washington often has so much trouble figuring out who is making decisions in Beijing and why. 8 {* ~ e3 _5 \